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“International Medical Graduates (IMGs) play a crucial role in bridging the primary care gap while also making significant contributions across a wide range of specialties”

Interview

A Visionary Leader in Medicine and Healthcare

Dr. Pedro “Joe” Greer, an esteemed physician and educator, is celebrated as one of the leading Latin American and U.S. physicians. As the founding dean of the Roseman University College of Medicine, Dr. Greer is spearheading innovative medical education with a focus on addressing Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) through community-centered care.

A tireless advocate for underserved populations, Dr. Greer has founded clinics for the homeless and undocumented and has influenced health policy during his service under Presidents George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton. His dedication to healthcare equity has earned him numerous accolades, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom, cementing his reputation as a transformative figure in medicine.

As an International Medical Graduate (IMG), Dr. Greer highlights the indispensable role of IMGs in filling primary care gaps in the U.S., while shaping future generations of physicians to prioritize health equity and compassion in their practices. His remarkable contributions make him an inspiration to healthcare professionals worldwide.

Can you tell us about your early life and how your upbringing shaped your values and aspirations?

I was born in Miami on June 15, 1956, while my mother was visiting her father for his birthday. Less than two weeks later, we returned to Havana. After the Cuban Revolution in 1960, my family relocated to the United States. I grew up in Miami, with a brief but formative period in the Bahamas on Andros Island and Great Inagua, where my father was the sole doctor serving the islands and surrounding communities. Growing up during the transformative 1960s and 1970s deeply influenced me, instilling a desire to make life better for those around me. As part of an immigrant family, we embraced the opportunities this country offered—to succeed and to give back.

How did your cultural background, faith, and upbringing influence your outlook on life, your work, and your commitment to serving others?

My cultural background instilled in me a love for music, a deep appreciation for family, and a strong commitment to making sure no one feels excluded. Growing up, I was profoundly shaped by the times and my Catholic faith, which deeply rooted in me the values of compassion and social responsibility..

You are a gastroenterologist who has excelled in both community practice and the academic world. Can you share your educational and professional journey, and how your training experiences influenced your early work in healthcare?

My educational journey was great, and I have no complaints. The challenges I faced were no different from those encountered by anyone else. I attended La Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra in the Dominican Republic for medical school and completed my internship and residency in Internal Medicine at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital and the VA system, where I served as Chief Medical Resident. I then completed two fellowships in Hepatology and Gastroenterology. During my training, I established clinics to care for homeless and undocumented individuals, which laid the foundation for my commitment to underserved populations. I was also honored to contribute to two White House administrations under Presidents George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton, which further broadened my perspective on healthcare policy and advocacy.

Dr. Pedro Joe Greer Jr. receives the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama during a ceremony at the White House in 2009.
What would you consider your greatest achievements, both personally and professionally?

My greatest achievement was convincing my wife to marry me 43 years ago. As far as my career is concerned, I have simply done what my oath obligated me to do. I have received many accolades, but they were acknowledging what I was supposed to do. I appreciate them but realize how lucky I have been.

You’ve worked extensively with underserved communities. What are the biggest challenges you see in healthcare today, particularly for these populations, and what role should physicians play in addressing these issues?

The current state of healthcare in the U.S. is horrible at best, and for underserved communities, it’s even worse. We rank 38th in the world in health outcomes and 55th in maternal mortality, which increases dramatically for underserved communities. Physicians must be integral to shaping social and public policies because these are the principal factors that influence people’s health. At the same time, we need to develop a healthcare delivery system that serves everyone.

What are your thoughts on medical education today, particularly in improving outcomes and addressing healthcare gaps? What role do IMGs play in this system?

Improving medical education in the U.S. requires significant effort, particularly in increasing diversity, as it directly impacts health outcomes in underserved populations. International Medical Graduates (IMGs) play a crucial role in bridging the primary care gap while also making significant contributions across a wide range of specialties. The success of medical education should not be measured by patents or publications but by the health outcomes of the communities we serve. Additionally, the toxic aspects of medical education must be addressed if we are to re-instill essential virtues like compassion and empathy in our training programs.

You’re currently working on opening a new medical school. Can you share your vision for this project and how it addresses Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) to improve care?

The project, the Roseman University College of Medicine, is hoping to open in 2025, pending preliminary accreditation from the LCME (Liaison Committee on Medical Education). Our program focuses on addressing Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) through a household-centered care model. Under physician supervision, students will follow two households over their four years of training, targeting households that are either uninsured or rely on Medicaid. Up to 90% of diseases in America are linked to non-biological factors (SDoH), and without addressing these through policy changes, meaningful improvements will remain elusive. Critical areas such as education, housing, living wages, and transportation are central to addressing these health challenges.

A stark example is Ann Case’s report Deaths of Despair, which highlighted increasing morbidity and mortality rates in 2019 from suicide, overdose, and alcoholic liver disease. The most affected demographic was non-Hispanic whites, particularly among the boomer generation, with lack of higher education emerging as a key driver. Outcomes were tied to income, wealth, and other SDoH factors. As I approach the twilight of my career, my goal is to raise awareness that health outcomes are deeply shaped by social and public policies, and these must be addressed to create meaningful change.

In his memoir, Waking Up in America: How One Doctor Brings Hope to Those Who Need It Most, Dr. Pedro “Joe” Greer Jr. recounts his journey from the son of Cuban immigrants to a pioneering physician dedicated to providing healthcare for Miami’s homeless and underserved populations. The book details his establishment of the Camillus Health Concern in 1984, a free clinic for the homeless, and his relentless efforts to bring medical care to those living in the most impoverished conditions. Dr. Greer’s unwavering commitment to ensuring that no one suffers or dies alone has significantly transformed Miami’s healthcare landscape, offering a compelling testament to the profound impact one individual can have on addressing healthcare disparities and advocating for the marginalized.

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